Grammar Tutorial ::: Verb As Object / ल्युट् प्रत्यय / lyuT pratyaya

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ल्युट् प्रत्यय / lyuT pratyaya (Verb As Object): In this chapter we will study the ल्युट् प्रत्यय (lyuT pratyaya). Using this प्रत्यय (pratyaya) the verb can be expressed as an object (कर्म / karma) in the sentence. This helps substituting complex verb forms with simpler alternatives. The verb "do" (कृ / kRRi) is used to express the action in the sentence.

In other words - the subject, object and verb of a sentence undergoes the following transformation, when ल्युट् (lyuT) is applied to the verb.

Sentence ElementsNormal FormForm With ल्यूट् (lyuT) Applied
Subject
कर्ता
kartaa
Nominative Case
प्रथमाविभ्क्ति
prathamaavibhakti
Nominative Case
प्रथमाविभ्क्ति
prathamaavibhakti
Object
कर्म
karma
Accusative Case
द्वितीयाविभक्ति
dvitiiyaavibhakti
Genitive Case
षष्ठीविभक्ति
ShaShThiivibhakti
Verb
क्रिया
kriyaa
तिपङ्तपद
tipN^tapada
ल्युट्प्रत्यय
lyuT pratya

Study the following sentences. These are using ल्युट् प्रत्यय (lyuT pratyaya).

आङ्ग्लभाषा
English
संस्कृत
Sanskrit
Verb + lyuT Suffix
धातु + ल्युट् (dhaatu + lyuT)
Comments
1. The boy will go.बालकः गमनम् करिष्यति ।
baalakaH gamanam kariShyati
गमनम् = गम् + ल्युट्
gamanam = gam + lyuT
If the sentences were not in ल्युट् प्रत्यय (lyuT pratyaya) form the verb forms would have been - गमिष्यति (gamiShyati), शयाते (shayaate), धाविष्यतः (dhaaviShyataH), दास्यन्ति (daasyanti), पठिष्यामि (paThiShyaami), स्मरिष्यामः (smatiShyaamaH), गमिष्यसि (gamiShyasi), पठिष्यथः (paThiShyathaH) and द्रक्षथ (drakshatha).
2. She will sleep.सा शयनम् करिष्यति ।
saa shayanam kariShyati
शयनम् = शी + ल्युट्
shayanam = shii + lyuT
3. Both of them will run.तौ धावनम् करिष्यतः ।
tau dhaavanam kariShyataH
धावनम् = धाव् + ल्युट्
dhaavanam = dhaav + lyuT
4. They will donate rice.ते तण्डुलस्य दानम् करिष्यन्ति ।
te taNDulasya daanam kariShyanti
दानम् = दा + ल्युट्
daanam = daa + lyuT
5. I will read the book.अहं पुस्तकस्य पठनम् करिष्यामि ।
aha.n pustakasya paThanam kariShyaami
पठनम् = पठ् + ल्युट्
paThanam = paTh + lyuT
6. Both of us will listen.आवां श्रवणम् करिष्यावः ।
aavaa.n shravaNam kariShyaavaH
श्रवणम् = श्रु + ल्युट्
shravaNam = shru + lyuT
7. We will remember the subject.वयं विषयस्य स्मरणम् करिष्यामः ।
vaya.n viShayasya smaraNam kariShyaamaH
स्मरणम् = स्मृ + ल्युट्
smaraNaani = smRRi + lyuT
8. You will go to office.त्वं कार्यालयस्य गमनम् करिष्यसि ।
tva.n kaaryaalayasya gamanam kariShyasi
गमनम् = + गम् + ल्युट्
gamanam = gam + lyuT
9. Both of you will read.युवां पठनम् करिष्यथः ।
yuvaa.n paThanam kariShyathaH
पठनम् = पठ् + ल्युट्
paThanam = paTh + lyuT
10. All of you will see the temple.युयं देवालयस्य दर्शनम् करिष्यथ ।
yuya.n devaalayasya darshanam kariShyatha
दर्शनम् = दृश् + ल्युट्
darshanam = dRRish + lyuT
11. You should not speak like this.तव कथनं न उचितम् ।
tava kathana.n na uchitam
कथनं = कथ् + ल्युट्
kathana.n = kath + lyuT
-
12. Roaming in the evening is good.सायं भ्रमणं हितकरम् ।
saaya.n bhramaNa.n hitakaram
भ्रमणं = भ्रम् + ल्युट्
bhramaNa.n = bhram + lyuT

In setences 1 to 12 the verbs "go", "sleep", "run", "donate", "read", "listen", "remember", "see", "speak" and "roam" have been substituted with their ल्यूट् (lyuT) form, converting them into object or कर्म (karma) of the setence. To represent the action or क्रिया (kriyaa) the appropriate verb form of "do" or कृ धातु (kRRi dhaatu) has been used.

Grammatical Rule
The verb form is used as the object or कर्म (karma) in the setence, and has the same form as the accusative case singular of word "fruit" (फलशब्द द्वितीयाविभक्ति एकवचन / phalashabda dvitiiyaavibhakti ekavachana).

Grammatical Rule
If the sentence has a कर्म (object) then the accusative case is replaced with the genitive case.

In setences 4, 5, 7, 8 and 10 the words "rice", "book", "subject", "office" and "temple" are the objects. Since, the ल्युट् (lyuT) form of the verbs are used in the setences, the objects are in genitive case form instade of accusative case form.

Grammatical Rule
The ल्युट् प्रत्यय (lyuT pratyaya) can also be used as subject.

In setences 11 and 12 the ल्युट् (lyuT) form of the words "speak" and "roam" are used as subjects.

Followings are the ल्युट् प्रत्यय (lyuT pratyaya) form of few commonly used verbs.


Commonly Used ल्युट् प्रत्यय (lyuT pratyaya) Forms

Verb
धातु
dhaatu
ल्युट्
lyuT
Verb
धातु
dhaatu
ल्युट्
lyuT
Verb
धातु
dhaatu
ल्युट्
lyuT
read
पठ्
paTh
पठनम्
paThanam
do
कृ
kRRi
करणम्
karaNam
drink
पा
paa
पानम्
paanam
sleep
शी
shii
शयनम्
shayanam
roam
भ्रम्
bhram
भ्रमणम्
bhramaNam
speak
भाष्
bhaaSh
भाषणम्
bhaaShaNam
run
धाव्
dhaav
धावनम्
dhaavanam
listen
श्रु
shru
श्रवणम्
shravaNam
see
दृश्
dRRish
दर्शनम्
darshanam
take
नी
nii
नयनम्
nayanam
give
दा
daa
दानम्
daanam
accept
ग्रह्
grah
ग्रहणम्
grahaNam
go
गम्
gam
गमनम्
gamanam
speak
वच्
vach
वचनम्
vachanam
serve
सेव्
sev
सेवनम्
sevanam
remember
स्मृ
smRRi
स्मरणम्
smaraNam
be
भू
bhuu
भवनम्
bhavanam
come
आ + गम्
aa + gam
आगमनम्
aagamanam


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