Grammar Tutorial ::: Sense Of Wish / तुमुन् प्रत्यय / tumun pratyaya

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तुमुन् प्रत्यय / tumun pratyaya (Sense Of Wish): In this chapter we will study the तुमुन् प्रत्यय (tumun pratyaya). The verb form with this suffix is used to express - the sense of wish or the intention to do something. In this the verb root gets तुमुन् (tumun) suffix.

Study the following sentences. These are using तुमुन् प्रत्यय (tumun pratyaya).

आङ्ग्लभाषा
English
संस्कृत
Sanskrit
Verb + tumun
धातु + तुमुन्
dhaatu + tumun
Comments
1. The boy goes to school to read. बालकः पठितुम् विद्यालयं गच्छति
baalakaH paThitum vidyaalaya.n gachchhati
पठ् + तुमुन्
paTh + tumun
-
2. Father wants to go to village. पिता ग्रामं गन्तुम् इच्छति
pitaa graama.n gantum ichchhati
गम् + तुमुन्
gam + tumun
3. The girl went to school to study. बाला पठितुं विद्यालयम् अगच्छत्
baalaa paThitu.n vidyaalam agachchhat
पठ् + तुमुन्
paTh + tumun
4. Mother wants to cook. माता क्तुम् इच्छति
maataa paktum ichchhati
पच् + तुमुन्
pach + tumun
5. He goes to city to work. सः कार्यं कर्त्तुं नगरं गच्छति
saH kaarya.n kartu.n nagara.n gachchhati
कृ + तुमुन्
kRRi + tumun
6. The teacher wants to teach. शिक्षकः पाठयितुम् इच्छति
shikshakaH paaThayitum ichchhati
पाठ् + तुमुन्
paaTh + tumun
पाठ् = पठ् + णिज् (paaTh = paTh + Nij). It means "to make others read". णिज् प्रत्यय (Nij pratyaya) will be covered in later chapters. It expresses the action being initiated by someone.
7. I went to hotel to drink milk. अहं दुग्धं पातुं उपाहारमन्दिरम् अगच्छत
aha.n dugdha.n paatu.n upaahaaramandiram agachchhata
पा + तुमुन्
paa tumun
-
8. You go to market to buy the book. त्वं पुस्तकम् क्रेतुम् विपणिं गच्छ
tva.n pustaka.n kretum vipaNi.n gachchha
क्री + तुमुन्
krii + tumun
9. Both the boys want to play. बालकौ क्रीडितुम् इच्छतः
baalakau kriiDitum ichchhataH
क्रीड् + तुमुन्
kriiD + tumun
10. Both the girls want to dance. बालिके नर्तितुम् इच्छतः
baalike nartum ichchhataH
नृत् + तुमुन्
nRRit + tumun
11. Both of us went to school to ask questions. आवां प्रश्नं प्रष्टुम् विद्यालयम् अगच्छाव
aavaa.n prashna.n praShTum agachchhaava
पृच्छ् + तुमुन्
pRRichchh + tumun
12. Both of you want to go to school. युवां विद्यालयं गन्तुम् इच्छथः
yuvaa.n vidyaalaya.n gantum ichchhathaH
गम् + तुमुन्
gam + tumun
13. The girls want to sing. बालाः गातुम् इच्छन्ति
baalaaH gaatum ichchhanti
गै + तुमुन्
gaay + tumun
14. Farmers went to plaugh. कृषिबलाः कर्ष्टुम् अगच्छम्
kRRiShibalaaH karShTum agachchham
कृष् + तुमुन्
kraSh tumun
15. Worshippers will come to pray tomorrow. भक्ताः पूजयितुं श्वः आगमिष्यन्ति
bhaktaaH puujayitu.n shvaH aagamiShyanti
पूज् + तुमुन्
puuj + tumun
16. Workers will come to work tomorrow. कर्मकाराः कार्यं कर्तुम् श्वः आगमिष्यन्ति
karmakaaraaH kaarya.n kartum shvaH aagamiShyanti
कृ + तुमुन्
kRRi + tumun
17. It is time to read. अयं पठितुं समयः ।
aya.n paThitu.n samayaH
पठ् + तुमुन्
puuj + tumun
Use of words समयः (samayaH) and वेला (velaa) to express the time when the actions "read" and "eat" are due to take place.
18. It is time to eat. इयं भोक्तुं वेला ।
iya.n bhoktu.n velaa
भक्ष् + तुमुन्
kRRi + tumun

In setences 1 to 16, the verbs "read", "go", "study", "cook", "teach", "work", "drink", "buy", "play", "dance", "ask", "sing", "plaugh" and "pray" are suffixed with तुमुन् प्रत्यय (tumun pratyaya).

The setences have multiple verbs besides the तुमुन् suffixed ones. These verbs "went", "go", "want" and "come" are in their respective tenses and not in तुमुन् प्रत्यय (tumun pratyaya).

Grammatical Rule
The verb expressing the wish or intention to do something will be suffixed with तुमुन् प्रत्यय (tumun pratyaya).


Grammatical Rule
The verb with तुमुन् (tumun) suffix is independent of number and gender of the subject (noun) and is used as indeclinable.

In the above sentences the तुमुन् (tumun) suffixed verbs are independent of the subjects. They are not following the number and gender of the subjects.

Grammatical Rule
If words expressing the time when certain action is due, are used in the sentence, then the verb representing such action will have तुमुन् प्रत्यय (tumun pratyaya) suffix.

In the sentences 17 and 18 the words समयः (samayaH) and वेला (velaa) are used to express the due time of reading and eating. So, the verbs "read" and "eat" are using तुमुन् प्रत्यय (tumun pratyaya).

Followings are the तुमुन् प्रत्यय (tumun pratyaya) form of few commonly used verbs.


Commonly Used तुमुन् प्रत्यय (tumun pratyaya) Forms

Verb
धातु
dhaatu
तुमुन्
tumun
Verb
धातु
dhaatu
तुमुन्
tumun
Verb
धातु
dhaatu
तुमुन्
tumun
speak
कथ्
kath
कथयितुं
kathayitu.n
bow
नम्
nam
नन्तुं
nantu.n
abandon
त्यज्
tyaj
त्यक्तुं
tyaktu.n
sing
गै
gai
गातुं
gaatu.n
give
दा
daa
दातुं
daatu.n
listen
श्रु
shru
श्रोतुं
shrotu.n
kill
हन्
han
हन्तुं
hantu.n
accept
ग्रह्
grah
ग्रहीतुं
grahiitu.n
sleep
शी
shii
शयितुम्
shayitum
cry
क्रन्द्
krand
क्रन्दितुं
kranditu.n
measure
मा
maa
मातुं
maatu.n
go
गम्
gam
गन्तुं
gantu.n
know
ज्ञा
dnyaa
ज्ञातुं
dnyaatu.n
worship
पूज्
puuj
पूजयितुं
puujayitu.n
wear
वस्
dhaatu
वसितुम्
vasitum
take
नी
nii
नेतुं
netu.n
travel
भ्रम्
bhram
भ्रमितुं
bhramitu.n
stay
स्था
sthaa
स्थातुम्
sthaatum


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