Grammar Tutorial ::: Verb As Object / ल्युट् प्रत्यय / lyuT pratyaya

Modified on 2013/08/04 15:52 by biswajitdash — Categorized as: Uncategorized

ल्युट् प्रत्यय / lyuT pratyaya (Verb As Object): In this chapter we will study the ल्युट् प्रत्यय (lyuT pratyaya). Using this प्रत्यय (pratyaya) the verb can be expressed as an object (कर्म / karma) in the sentence. This helps substituting complex verb forms with simpler alternatives. The verb "do" (कृ / kRRi) is used to express the action in the sentence.

In other words - the subject, object and verb of a sentence undergoes the following transformation, when ल्युट् (lyuT) is applied to the verb.

Sentence Elements	Normal Form	Form With ल्यूट् (lyuT) Applied
Subject कर्ता kartaa	Nominative Case प्रथमाविभ्क्ति prathamaavibhakti	Nominative Case प्रथमाविभ्क्ति prathamaavibhakti
Object कर्म karma	Accusative Case द्वितीयाविभक्ति dvitiiyaavibhakti	Genitive Case षष्ठीविभक्ति ShaShThiivibhakti
Verb क्रिया kriyaa	तिपङ्तपद tipN^tapada	ल्युट्प्रत्यय lyuT pratya

Study the following sentences. These are using ल्युट् प्रत्यय (lyuT pratyaya).

आङ्ग्लभाषा English	संस्कृत Sanskrit	Verb + lyuT Suffix धातु + ल्युट् (dhaatu + lyuT)	Comments
1. The boy will go.	बालकः गमनम् करिष्यति । baalakaH gamanam kariShyati	गमनम् = गम् + ल्युट् gamanam = gam + lyuT	If the sentences were not in ल्युट् प्रत्यय (lyuT pratyaya) form the verb forms would have been - गमिष्यति (gamiShyati), शयाते (shayaate), धाविष्यतः (dhaaviShyataH), दास्यन्ति (daasyanti), पठिष्यामि (paThiShyaami), स्मरिष्यामः (smatiShyaamaH), गमिष्यसि (gamiShyasi), पठिष्यथः (paThiShyathaH) and द्रक्षथ (drakshatha).
2. She will sleep.	सा शयनम् करिष्यति । saa shayanam kariShyati	शयनम् = शी + ल्युट् shayanam = shii + lyuT
3. Both of them will run.	तौ धावनम् करिष्यतः । tau dhaavanam kariShyataH	धावनम् = धाव् + ल्युट् dhaavanam = dhaav + lyuT
4. They will donate rice.	ते तण्डुलस्य दानम् करिष्यन्ति । te taNDulasya daanam kariShyanti	दानम् = दा + ल्युट् daanam = daa + lyuT
5. I will read the book.	अहं पुस्तकस्य पठनम् करिष्यामि । aha.n pustakasya paThanam kariShyaami	पठनम् = पठ् + ल्युट् paThanam = paTh + lyuT
6. Both of us will listen.	आवां श्रवणम् करिष्यावः । aavaa.n shravaNam kariShyaavaH	श्रवणम् = श्रु + ल्युट् shravaNam = shru + lyuT
7. We will remember the subject.	वयं विषयस्य स्मरणम् करिष्यामः । vaya.n viShayasya smaraNam kariShyaamaH	स्मरणम् = स्मृ + ल्युट् smaraNaani = smRRi + lyuT
8. You will go to office.	त्वं कार्यालयस्य गमनम् करिष्यसि । tva.n kaaryaalayasya gamanam kariShyasi	गमनम् = + गम् + ल्युट् gamanam = gam + lyuT
9. Both of you will read.	युवां पठनम् करिष्यथः । yuvaa.n paThanam kariShyathaH	पठनम् = पठ् + ल्युट् paThanam = paTh + lyuT
10. All of you will see the temple.	युयं देवालयस्य दर्शनम् करिष्यथ । yuya.n devaalayasya darshanam kariShyatha	दर्शनम् = दृश् + ल्युट् darshanam = dRRish + lyuT
11. You should not speak like this.	तव कथनं न उचितम् । tava kathana.n na uchitam	कथनं = कथ् + ल्युट् kathana.n = kath + lyuT	-
12. Roaming in the evening is good.	सायं भ्रमणं हितकरम् । saaya.n bhramaNa.n hitakaram	भ्रमणं = भ्रम् + ल्युट् bhramaNa.n = bhram + lyuT	-

In setences 1 to 12 the verbs "go", "sleep", "run", "donate", "read", "listen", "remember", "see", "speak" and "roam" have been substituted with their ल्यूट् (lyuT) form, converting them into object or कर्म (karma) of the setence. To represent the action or क्रिया (kriyaa) the appropriate verb form of "do" or कृ धातु (kRRi dhaatu) has been used.

Grammatical Rule
The verb form is used as the object or कर्म (karma) in the setence, and has the same form as the accusative case singular of word "fruit" (फलशब्द द्वितीयाविभक्ति एकवचन / phalashabda dvitiiyaavibhakti ekavachana).

Grammatical Rule
If the sentence has a कर्म (object) then the accusative case is replaced with the genitive case.

In setences 4, 5, 7, 8 and 10 the words "rice", "book", "subject", "office" and "temple" are the objects. Since, the ल्युट् (lyuT) form of the verbs are used in the setences, the objects are in genitive case form instade of accusative case form.

Grammatical Rule
The ल्युट् प्रत्यय (lyuT pratyaya) can also be used as subject.

In setences 11 and 12 the ल्युट् (lyuT) form of the words "speak" and "roam" are used as subjects.

Followings are the ल्युट् प्रत्यय (lyuT pratyaya) form of few commonly used verbs.

Commonly Used ल्युट् प्रत्यय (lyuT pratyaya) Forms
Verb धातु dhaatu	ल्युट् lyuT	Verb धातु dhaatu	ल्युट् lyuT	Verb धातु dhaatu	ल्युट् lyuT
read पठ् paTh	पठनम् paThanam	do कृ kRRi	करणम् karaNam	drink पा paa	पानम् paanam
sleep शी shii	शयनम् shayanam	roam भ्रम् bhram	भ्रमणम् bhramaNam	speak भाष् bhaaSh	भाषणम् bhaaShaNam
run धाव् dhaav	धावनम् dhaavanam	listen श्रु shru	श्रवणम् shravaNam	see दृश् dRRish	दर्शनम् darshanam
take नी nii	नयनम् nayanam	give दा daa	दानम् daanam	accept ग्रह् grah	ग्रहणम् grahaNam
go गम् gam	गमनम् gamanam	speak वच् vach	वचनम् vachanam	serve सेव् sev	सेवनम् sevanam
remember स्मृ smRRi	स्मरणम् smaraNam	be भू bhuu	भवनम् bhavanam	come आ + गम् aa + gam	आगमनम् aagamanam

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